50 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
starting Your career? thinking smaLL is okaY.
T
o be explicit, by “thinking small” we’re referring to career oppor-
tunities at start-ups and small businesses. In our respective
capacities as technology development executive for a start-up
commercializing technology developed at the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign; and career services director for the College of
Engineering, also at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
we have had many discussions with science and engineering students
and young professionals weighing career options at start-ups and
small businesses. The overwhelming sentiment expressed in these
discussions is that of concern that starting one’s career at a start-up
company or a small business was a detour from a more established
and better understood climb up the traditional corporate ladder.
In an attempt to provide these students and young profes-
sionals with a broader set of perspectives we hope would
help them make better decisions about their careers, we
interviewed 11 entrepreneurs and start-up employees with
technical backgrounds in the Champaign-Urbana area, many of
whom boasted experiences at more established firms as well.
We have summarized what we learned from these discussions
into seven actionable steps that can be taken upon starting
a career at a start-up or small business to ensure thoughtful
career development while preserving options even as career
interests are expected to change.
unDer sta nD Your goaL s
The first insight from our interviews is the importance of
understanding your goals and motivations for considering a
career at start-up or small business. Careers are marathons
not sprints. While your interests and goals will change over
time, when considering a career opportunity at a start-up or
small business, take the time to understand exactly what role
you hope the opportunity will play in the bigger picture of your
career plans.
For some, it’s the excitement of the opportunity of getting
in on the ground floor and building something, or the finan-
cial rewards that could come as a result of an exit event. For
others, it might be that opportunities at larger, more estab-
lished companies weren’t readily available and the start-up
provides an opportunity to gain experience that could be lever-
aged into a role at a bigger company later.
Whatever your motivations, be honest with yourself so you
can ensure that these goals are attended to during your tenure
at the start-up or small business. The start-up employees we
interviewed generally agreed that there is more flexibility at a
start-up to shape the role you perform at the organization. Take
advantage of it.
Design Your iDe aL apprent ice ship
With a good understanding of your goals and motivations,
start-ups and small businesses present an opportunity to take
advantage of the flexibility discussed above in designing the
ideal apprenticeship. Many of the start-up and small business
employees we interviewed felt that they could define roles for
themselves at their current companies that are the equivalent
or perfect stepping stones to desired roles at more established
companies.
Start-up employees typically have much broader and more
significant responsibilities at their companies than their
counterparts at larger companies. As a result, their accom-
plishments (and yes, their failures) tend to be more visible. If
by designing the ideal apprenticeship, they can demonstrate
capabilities required in a similar role at a more established
company, they become much more attractive candidates for
those roles. As an example of this point, we know of two
former employees of start-ups in the Champaign-Urbana area
who were able to use their senior technical roles with these
start-ups as springboards to opportunities at Facebook and
Foursquare.
Lev er age exposur e a nD access to
per sonneL a nD Fu nctions
It takes a broad range of functions to turn an idea into a
growing start-up. Examples of these functions include the
founder or inventor with the original idea or technology, angel
investors and venture capitalists who invest in the start-up
and the founding operating team such as the CEO, and Vice
Presidents of Technology, Marketing or Business Development.
Because of the size of early stage start-ups and small busi-
nesses, employees at what would be referred to as entry level
at more established organizations have access to the people
in these various functions and interact with them more closely
and regularly than is typical at more established firms.
Understanding how these functions intersect in the orga-
nization and your role in the organizational structure (both
explicit and tacit) is essential in being effective and is a great
way to become aware of other career interests in a way that is
difficult in a larger organization where such access to such a
range of functions may be limited for a scientist or engineer in
the earlier stages of their career.
Le ar n to Le aD a nD manage
Most people find very early in their careers that leader-
ship and management skills are essential to accomplishing
just about anything as part of a team. Since by necessity
most start-up and small business employees are given more
responsibilities earlier in their careers, than their counterparts
working at larger organizations, they are in a position to learn
to lead and manage effectively.
The start-up and small business employees we interviewed
thought that the flat and less bureaucratic organizational
structures of most start-ups or small businesses can provide
useful opportunities for employees to observe the strengths
and weaknesses of the leaders of the organization from a
closer range, while developing their own leadership styles and
identities. In other words, these employees have more oppor-
tunities to learn by doing.